1. Ecological restoration

(1) Fertilizer preparation: Coal gangue contains a large amount of organic matter, accounting for about 15% to 40%, which can supplement the organic matter content of the soil. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium it contains are the main elements for making fertilizers.

(2) Soil improvement: The trace elements required for plant growth such as zinc, copper, cobalt and manganese contained in coal gangue are 2 to 10 times higher than those in ordinary soil. It also contains a large amount of carbonaceous shale, siltstone and organic matter. Therefore, it can be used to make microbial fertilizers, improve soil quality, increase soil fertility and promote plant growth.

2. Building materials field

(1) Cement production: The main components of coal gangue are silicon-aluminum components, which have potential volcanic ash activity. Under appropriate physical and chemical effects, the silicate minerals in the coal gangue can be stimulated to generate hydrated calcium silicate and hydrated calcium aluminosilicate. These hydration products can improve the strength of coal gangue cement.

(2) Production of concrete aggregate: Partial or complete replacement of natural aggregate with coal gangue to prepare concrete. Its use as aggregate can greatly ease the supply pressure of natural aggregate and effectively save natural resources such as natural sand and gravel.

(3) Making bricks with coal gangue: Coal gangue has certain plasticity and sintering properties. After homogenization, crushing, purification and aging, it can be used to make bricks.

3. Combustion utilization

Coal gangue heating and power generation: Coal gangue power generation can maximize the economic, environmental and social benefits of coal gangue. Its use in power generation can not only effectively solve the problem of long-term and large-scale storage of coal gangue resources, but also help protect the environment. At present, fluidized bed combustion power generation and heating technology based on inferior coal resources and coal gangue is developing rapidly.4. Recovery of valuable elements

Materials recovered from coal gangue include carbon, aluminum compounds, iron compounds, silicon compounds, rare metal elements, etc. In some areas, coal gangue is accompanied by a variety of trace rare metals, such as lithium, gallium, titanium, rare earths, etc.